Autore: Izbicki, Thomas M.
Titolo: Women and Baptisms of Necessity in Medieval Canon Law and Pastoral Theology
Periodico: Cristianesimo nella storia
Anno: 2025 - Fascicolo: 1 - Pagina iniziale: 11 - Pagina finale: 44

As the list of seven sacraments – baptism, confirmation, penance, the Eucharist, ordination, matrimony and extreme unction – became final in the 12th century, the emphasis on bishops and priests as their ministers increased: the exception to this rule was baptism, removing the stain of original sin. Children who died unbaptized were thought to go to hell, or at least to Limbo. Thus baptism by others was accepted in cases of necessity, allowing women, including mothers and midwives, to administer the sacrament to newborns in danger of death. Priests were required to teach their congregations the form of baptism, often in the vernacular, and to determine whether laypersons had properly administered the sacrament. Conditional baptisms could be administered by a priest when the validity of an emergency rite was doubted.




SICI: 0393-3598(2025)1<11:WABONI>2.0.ZU;2-W
Testo completo: https://www.rivisteweb.it/download/article/10.17395/116632
Testo completo alternativo: https://www.rivisteweb.it/doi/10.17395/116632

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